Iinkqubo zoLwazi lweJografi (Gis) Yiba noguquko indlela esihlalutyayo kwaye sibe nembono yedatha yendawo. Ngokudibanisa izixhobo zekhompyuter, isoftware, kunye nedatha,GisYenza abasebenzisi ukuba bafake, balawule, bahlalutye, kwaye bonisa ulwazi lwendawo. Esi sixhobo sinamandla sifumene izicelo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ukuphucula iinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga izinto ezahlukeneyo zesoftware kumacandelo aliqela aphambili.
1. Ukucwangciswa kwedolophu kunye nophuhliso
ECwangciso lweDolophu, isoftware ye-GIS idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawule ukusetyenziswa komhlaba, ukucandwa komhlaba, kunye nophuhliso lwezibonelelo. Abacwangcisi basebenzisa i-GIS ukuze babonakalise idatha ye-degraphic, bavavanye iimpembelelo zendalo, kwaye bachonge iindawo ezifanelekileyo zophuhliso olutsha. Ngokuhlalutya ubudlelwane bendawo, abacwangcisi banokwenza izigqibo ezizizo ezikhuthaza ukukhula okuzinzileyo kunye nolwabiwo lwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, i-GIS inokunceda ekuchongeni iindawo ezenza ukuba kuzikhukule, zivumela abacwangcisi ukuba baphephe ukwakhiwa kwemimandla emingozini ephezulu.
2. Ulawulo lokusingqongileyo
Izazinzulu zezeNdalo kunye nolondolozo zinyusa i-GIS yokubeka iliso kwimithombo yendalo kunye nokuvavanya utshintsho lwendalo. Isoftware ye-GIS yenza ukuba imephu ye-ecosystems, ukulandela umkhondo we-hilliferes, kunye nokuhlalutya iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu. Ngokubona idatha efana nexabiso lokuvalwa kwamahlathi okanye amanqanaba ongcoliseko, abathathi-nxaxheba banokuqulunqa izicwangciso zokunciphisa ukonakaliswa kwendalo. Umzekelo, i-GIS ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza izicwangciso zolondolozo ezibeka phambili iindawo zokukhuselwa ngokusekwe kwindalo kunye nendawo yokuhlala.
I-3. Ukuhamba kunye nokuLungiswa
Umzi mveliso wezothutho uzuze kakhulu kwitekhnoloji ye-GIS. Iinkampani zisebenzisa isoftware ye-GIS yokuphucula iindlela, zilawule iinqanawa, kwaye zihlalutye iipateni zendlela. Ngokubona iinethiwekhi zothutho kunye nokuchonga iibhotile, amashishini anokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle nokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza. Ukongeza, i-GIS inokunceda ekucwangcisweni kweziseko zophuhliso ezintsha zothutho, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindlela ezintsha okanye imigca yokuhamba ibekwe ngobuchule ukufezekisa iimfuno zabahlali.
I-4. Impilo yoLuntu
Kwimpilo yoluntu, isoftware ye-GIS isebenza ekuphuhlisweni kwezifo ezilandelelanayo kunye nokulawulwa kwezixhobo zempilo. Imibutho yezempilo isebenzisa i-GIS ukusasazeka kwezifo, chonga ingozi yomngcipheko, kwaye yabele izixhobo ngokufanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ngexesha leCovid-19 uBendemic, uGis wayesetyenziselwa ukubona amazinga osulelo kunye nokugonya, ukunceda amagosa ezempilo esidlangalaleni enze izigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha. Ngokuhlalutya idatha yendawo, iingcali zezempilo zinokuphumeza ungenelelo olujolise ekuphuculeni iziphumo zempilo yoluntu.
5. Ezolimo
Ezolimo lelinye icandelo apho isoftware ye-GIS iyenze imigudu ebalulekileyo. Amafama kunye nee-agromist basebenzisa i-GIS ukuhlalutya iintlobo zomhlaba, jonga impilo yezityalo, kwaye zisebenzele iindlela zokunkcenkceshela. Ngokudibanisa umfanekiso we-satellite kunye nedatha yentsimi, i-GIS ivumela ukuba basebenzise izinto ezichanekileyo, ukwenza amafama ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi lokuphucula isivuno kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma. Umzekelo, i-GIS inokunceda ekuchongeni iindawo zentsimi efuna amanzi amaninzi okanye izondlo, ezikhokelela kwiindlela ezifanelekileyo zokulima.
I-6. Indlu yokuthengisa izindlu
Kumzi-mveliso wokwenyani, isoftware ye-GIS ibalulekile ekusekeni indawo kunye nohlalutyo lwentengiso. Iingcali zezentengiso zisebenzisa i-GIS ukuvavanya amaxabiso epropathi, ukuhlalutya iindlela zentengiso, kunye nokuchonga amathuba otyalo-mali. Ngokubona idatha yedatha, ukusondela kwizinto ezibonakalayo, kunye neendlela zembali zembali, iiarhente zinokubonelela abathengi ngeendlela ezibanzi ezazisa ukuthengwa okanye izigqibo zokuthengisa.
Ukuqukumbela
Izicelo zesoftware ye-GIS zikhulu kwaye zahluka, zichaphazela amashishini amaninzi ngeendlela ezinzulu. Ukusuka edolophini kwezolimo, i-GIs yandisa amandla ethu okuhlalutya idatha yendawo, ekhokelela ekuthathweni kwezigqibo ezingcono kunye neziphumo eziphuculweyo. Njengoko itekhnoloji iyaqhubeka ivela, amandla e-GIS yokuguqula amashishini aya kukhula kuphela, esenza ukuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo soochwephesha kwihlabathi liphela. Ukwamkela itekhnoloji ye-GIS ayisiyondlela nje; Kuyimfuneko ukuba abo bajonge ukuchuma kwilizwe eliqhutywa yidatha eqhutywa yidatha.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: I-Oct-10 ukuya kwi-2024